Forest Replacement Associations  

In 2000, TWP and Proleña in Nicaragua began implementing Forest Replacement Association (FRA) programs. An FRA is defined as “a mechanism on which small and medium fuelwood consumers - and also other wood consuming industries- which are legally held accountable for the sustainability of their wood consumption, do associate among themselves in order to create a forest enterprise to foster reforestation among neighbouring farmers, aimed to replace in nature its consumption of wood” (Miranda et al. 2010)1. The following image from Miranda et al. (2010) provides a conceptual framework for how an FRA system can be structured:

 

1Miranda, R., Sepp, S., Ceccon, E., Mann, S., Singh, B. (2010) Sustainable produced commercial fuelwood: lessons and guidance from two strategies. Presentation to the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program. Washington, DC.
   
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